UNICEF said on Tuesday that essential items, including syringes to vaccinate children and bottles for baby formula, are being denied entry into Gaza by Israel, preventing aid agencies from reaching those in need in the war-devastated territory.

As UNICEF undertakes a mass children’s vaccination campaign amid a fragile ceasefire, it said it faces serious challenges in obtaining 1.6 million syringes and solar-powered fridges to store vaccine vials in Gaza.

The syringes have awaited customs clearance since August, UNICEF said.

“Both the syringes and the refrigerators are considered dual-use by Israel, and these items we’re finding very hard to get through clearances and inspections, yet they are urgent,” UNICEF spokesperson Ricardo Pires said.

“Dual-use” refers to items Israel considers to have both military and civilian applications.

COGAT, the arm of the Israeli military that oversees aid flows into Gaza, said that Israel does not prevent the entry of syringes or refrigeration-related equipment.

In relation to dual-use items, it said that it exercises particular caution to ensure Hamas does not “cynically exploit the aid for its own military buildup.”

It said it offers international organisations “alternative solutions” for the entry of the required aid, but did not provide further details.

Hundreds of trucks carrying food, water, fuel, gas, medicines, medical equipment, tents, and shelter supplies enter the Gaza Strip every day, COGAT said, in close coordination with the UN.

UNICEF launched the first of three rounds of catch-up immunisations on Sunday to reach over 40,000 children under three who missed routine vaccines against polio, measles and pneumonia, following two years of war in Gaza.

On the first day of the campaign, it reached over 2,400 children with multiple vaccines.

“The vaccination campaign has started, but we have two rounds to go, and for that we need more supplies,” Pires said.

UNICEF said more humanitarian aid is getting into Gaza, but some critical items continued to be denied entry by Israeli authorities, including 938,000 bottles of ready-to-use infant formula and spare parts for water trucks.

“That’s nearly one million bottles that could be reaching children who have been suffering from different levels of malnutrition,” Pires told a news briefing in Geneva.

The October 10 truce was meant to unleash a massive surge of aid across the enclave, but relief agencies have repeatedly said not enough is getting in to meet the needs of a largely displaced and malnourished population of 2 million.

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